PCSK9

Case Studies

• Case Studies

  August 2023

  Take this short quiz to test your knowledge on the recently published debate on dyslipidemias titled “Great debate: lipid-lowering therapies should be guided by vascular imaging rather than by circulating biomarkers”.

  CLICK HERE TO VIEW THE DEBATE.

  Eur Heart J. 2023 Jul 1;44(25):2292-2304. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad275

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• Case Studies

  Quiz of the month – November 2022

  Take our patient case study quiz specially curated for you by our Faculty Member, Prof. Chern-En Chiang.

  Case Study: A 48 y male patient presented with anterior chest pain for 1 hour. He was sent to ER where acute anterior ST-elevation MI was diagnosed. Emergent cardiac catheterization demonstrated a 30-40% stenosis over left main artery, a 100% occlusion over middle portion of left anterior descending artery, 90% stenosis over middle portion of right coronary artery, and a 50% stenosis in the proximal portion of left circumflex artery. Two DES were implanted uneventful: one on LAD and the other on RCA. Echocardiogram revealed an LVEF 52% with mild hypokinesis over LV anterior wall.

   

  Past history:	Type 2 diabetes for 5 years with metformin 1000 mg/d Hypercholesterolemia under rosuvastatin 10 mg/d Denied history of HT No smoking history
  Family history:	Strong family history of premature CVD (His father died of MI at the age of 58. His grandfather died of MI at the age of 65, and his uncle has TVD.)
  Before discharge:	BMI 25 BP 128/76 mmHg, HR 76/min eGFR 76 ml/min, Na 141 meq/L, K 4.1 meq/L HbA1c 7.1% LDL-C 124 mg/dL, HDL-C 42 mg/dL, triglyceride 210 mg/dL, Lp(a) 105 mg/dL
  Discharge medications:	Aspirin 100 mg QD, ticagrelor 90 mg BD, bisoprolol 5 mg QD, metformin 850 mg BD, dapagliflozin 10 mg QD, rosuvastatin 20 mg QD, ezetimibe 10 mg QD
  3-month follow-up clinic:	No symptom BMI 24 BP 120/72 mmHg, HR 66/min eGFR 72 ml/min, Na 144 meq/L, K 4.2 meq/L HbA1c 6.4 % LDL-C 77 mg/dL, HDL-C 48 mg/dL, triglyceride 198 mg/dL, Lp(a) 108 mg/dL

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• What are your next steps? (multiple choice)

  a) Discontinue aspirin

  b) Add a GLP1 RA

  c) Add a PCSK9 inhibitor

  d) Add inclisiran (not available in most of the Asian countries)

  e) Add fenofibrate

  f) Add fish oil

  g) Check Lp(a) in his blood relatives

  h) Others not mentioned here
  

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• Case Studies

  Quiz of the month – August 2022

  Take our patient case study quiz specially curated for you by our Faculty Member, Prof. Stephen Nicholls.

  Case Study: A 63 year old man presents for review after experiencing an inferior myocardial infarction 6 months previously with successful PCI and stenting to the right coronary artery. Angiography revealed minor coronary disease involving the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries. He has a background of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

  His current medications include aspirin 100 mg daily, ticagrelor 90 mg bd, atorvastatin 80 mg daily, metformin 1000 mg daily, empagliflozin 10 mg daily, perindopril 5 mg daily and metoprolol 25 mg bd.

  His biochemistry revealed HbA1c 6.8%, LDL-C 70 mg/dL, HDL-C 37 mg/dL and triglycerides 225 mg/dL.

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• What would be the next therapeutic step?

  a) Add a PCSK9 inhibitor

  b) Add a GLP-1 receptor agonist

  c) Add Icosapent ethyl

  d) Add an omega-3 fatty acid containing EPA and DHA

  None
  

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