Case StudiesQuiz of the month – April 2023
Take our patient case study quiz specially curated for you by our Faculty Member, Prof. Samer Ellahham.
Prof. Samer Ellahham
First published: April 17, 2023
Case Study: A 65-year-old man with a history of dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension.
Presentation: | New onset crescendo angina x 5 days culminating Rest pain for the past 2h No history of other vascular events or heart attack, no TIA or stroke Weight: 90 kg Exam: BP 150/85 (slightly elevated), Heart Rate 80 No murmur detected |
Medication: | Valsartan 160 mg daily, Aspirin 81 mg daily, Rosuvastatin 10 mg daily, Metformin 500 mg twice daily |
Labs: | BMI 31kg/m2, waist circumference 101.6 cm (40 inches), (-) tobacco (quit last year – 60-pack-year history) Normal CBC, electrolytes Troponin: Elevated Electrocardiogram:1-2 mm horizontal ST depression infero-lateral leads 
Chest X-ray: Normal |
Lipid panel: | Total cholesterol (TC) 192 mg/dL HDL-C 46 mg/dL Triglycerides 180 mg/dL (non-fasting) LDL-C 110 mg/dL Non-HDL-C 146 mg/ dL |
What are the first impressions about this patient?
Case StudiesQuiz of the month – November 2022
Take our patient case study quiz specially curated for you by our Faculty Member, Prof. Chern-En Chiang.
Prof. Chern-En Chiang
First published: November 8, 2022
Case Study: A 48 y male patient presented with anterior chest pain for 1 hour. He was sent to ER where acute anterior ST-elevation MI was diagnosed. Emergent cardiac catheterization demonstrated a 30-40% stenosis over left main artery, a 100% occlusion over middle portion of left anterior descending artery, 90% stenosis over middle portion of right coronary artery, and a 50% stenosis in the proximal portion of left circumflex artery. Two DES were implanted uneventful: one on LAD and the other on RCA. Echocardiogram revealed an LVEF 52% with mild hypokinesis over LV anterior wall.
Past history: | Type 2 diabetes for 5 years with metformin 1000 mg/d Hypercholesterolemia under rosuvastatin 10 mg/d Denied history of HT No smoking history |
Family history: | Strong family history of premature CVD (His father died of MI at the age of 58. His grandfather died of MI at the age of 65, and his uncle has TVD.) |
Before discharge: | BMI 25 BP 128/76 mmHg, HR 76/min eGFR 76 ml/min, Na 141 meq/L, K 4.1 meq/L HbA1c 7.1% LDL-C 124 mg/dL, HDL-C 42 mg/dL, triglyceride 210 mg/dL, Lp(a) 105 mg/dL |
Discharge medications: | Aspirin 100 mg QD, ticagrelor 90 mg BD, bisoprolol 5 mg QD, metformin 850 mg BD, dapagliflozin 10 mg QD, rosuvastatin 20 mg QD, ezetimibe 10 mg QD |
3-month follow-up clinic: | No symptom BMI 24 BP 120/72 mmHg, HR 66/min eGFR 72 ml/min, Na 144 meq/L, K 4.2 meq/L HbA1c 6.4 % LDL-C 77 mg/dL, HDL-C 48 mg/dL, triglyceride 198 mg/dL, Lp(a) 108 mg/dL |
Case StudiesQuiz of the month – June 2022
Take our patient case study quiz specially curated for you by our Faculty Member, Prof. Chern-En Chiang.
Prof. Chern-En Chiang
First published: June 7, 2022
Case Study: A 67-year-old male comes to the ER with the complaint of excruciating anterior chest pain for 1-hour. The parameters measured in the ER are as follows:
Vital parameters | Blood pressure: 146/78 mm Hg Heart rate: 92/min Respiratory rate: 16/min |
ECG shows ST elevation over V1-V3, suggesting acute anterior MI, and pathological Q waves over leads II, III and aVF. Toponin I was 15.40 ng/mL. Urgent coronary angiograph shows total occlusion over LAD-M, patent left main, patent left circumflex, and 80% stenosis over RCA-M. Left ventriculogram showing moderate hypokinesis over anterior septal area and mild hypokinesis over inferior wall with an EF of 44%. Primary PCI with 2 DES over LAD-M and RCA-M was performed uneventfully.
Past history | Inferior myocardial infarction 4 years with medical treatment HT for more than 10 years with regular treatment Type 2 diabetes for 8 years Denied smoking Obesity with a BMI of 30.5 |
Lab data | Na 134 meq/L, K 4.2 meq/L Cr 1.05 mg/dL, eGFR 73 mL/min (CKD-EPI), UACR 350 mg/g ALT 32 mg/dL HbA1c 8.3% LDL-C 98 mg/dL, HDL-C 28 mg/dL, triglyceride 259 mg/dL Toponin I 15.40 ng/mL, hs-CRP 18.2 mg/dL Lp(a) 83 mg/dL [upper limit of normal Lp(a) = 30 mg/dL] |
Medication history
before admission | Amlodipine 5 mg OD, valsartan 160 mg OD, bisoprolol 5 mg OD Metformin 850 mg BD Aspirin 81 mg OD Atorvastatin 20 mg OD |
Investigation | Acute MI after successful PCI, and this is a second MI (previous inferior MI) Post-MI LV dysfunction (LVEF of 44%) Uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c 8.3%) Suboptimal control of lipid levels (LDL-C 98 mg/dL) A very high level of Lp(a) (83 mg/dL) |
